Sentence Structures:

SUBJECTは OBJECTを VERB

THINGは ADJECTIVEです (when there's no verb)

Particles:

を: verb acts on the object
に: verb is done to/towards the object
の: placed after a NOUN, means "'s"
で: verb is done at a place

Conjugation for verbs

Conjugation for い adjectives and ~たい form